I’ll see you later

I’ll talk to you later

I’ll come back

I’ll kill you

I’ll let to know

I’ll see that it’s done

I’ll remember that

He’ll be back soon

She’ll answer

Past tense pronounciation and transcription

1.watch 2.dress 3.ask 4.wash 5.seat 6.answer 7.test 8.cross 9.dance 10.fix 11.lie 12.correct 13.mix 14.invent 15.consider 16.talk 17.bathe 18.crash 19.miss 20.pull 21.burn 22.zip 23.sigh 24.enjoy 25.try 26.check 27.push 28.complain 29.decide 30.allow 31.damage 32.please 33.greet 34.pass 35.drill 36.explore 37.flood 38.mow 39.exercise 40.hope 41.pray 42.melt 43.increase 44.follow 45.touch 46.tax 47.brush 48.cash 49.want 50.judge 51.kneel 52.hum 53.open 54.reply 55.discover 56.invite 57.care 58.save 59.report 60.stop 61.concentrate 62.rent 63.stay 64.treat 65.realize 66.retire 67.cough 68.reach 69.study 70.permit 71.pretend 72.kidnap 73.listen 74.produce 75.love 76.remind 77.share 78.supply 79.snore 80.work

1. /wɑtʃ/ 2. /drɛs/ 3. /æsk/ 4. /wɑʃ/ 5. /sit/ 6. /ænsər/ 7. /tɛst/ 8. /krɒs/ 9. /dæns/ 10. /fɪks/ 11. /laj/ 12. /kərɛkt/ 13. /mɪks/ 14. /ɪnvɛnt/ 15. /kənsɪdər/ 16. /tɒk/ 17. /beð/ 18. /kræʃ/ 19. /mɪs/ 20. /pʊl/ 21. /bərn/ 22. /zɪp/ 23. /saj/ 24. /ɛndʒɔj/ 25. /traj/ 26. /tʃɛk/ 27. /pʊʃ/ 28. /kəmplen/ 29. /dəsajd/ 30. /əlaw/ 31. /dæmədʒ/ 32. /pliz/ 33. /grit/ 34. /pæs/ 35. /drɪl/ 36. /ɪksplɔr/ 37. /fləd/ 38. /mo/ 39. /ɛksərsɑjz/ 40. /hop/ 41. /pre/ 42. /mɛlt/ 43. /ɪnkris/ 44. /fɑlo/ 45. /tətʃ/ 46. /tæks/ 47. /brəʃ/ 48. /kæʃ/ 49. /wɑnt/ 50. /dʒədʒ/ 51. /nil/ 52. /həm/ 53. /opən/ 54. /rəplaj/ 55. /dɪskəvər/ 56. /ɪnvajt/ 57. /kɛr/ 58. /sev/ 59. /ripɔrt/ 60. /stɑp/ 61. /kɑnsəntret/ 62. /rɛnt/ 63. /ste/ 64. /trit/ 65. /rilɑjz/ 66. /rətajr/ 67. /kɑf/ 68. /ritʃ/ 69. /stədi/ 70. /pərmɪt/ 71. /pritɛnd/ 72. /kɪdnæp/ 73. /lɪsən/ 74. /prədus/ 75. /ləv/ 76. /rimajnd/ 77. /ʃɛr/ 78. /səplaj/ 79. /snɔr/ 80. /wərk/

1. Use /t/ after unvoiced final sounds f, k, p, s, t ß (ch), ß (sh), † (th)	2. Use /d/ after voiced final sounds b, g, Ω(j), l, m, n, ˜, r, ∂(th), v, z, + vowels	3. Use / final /d/ and /t/ . \d/ after
look - looked (t) push - pushed (t) ask - asked (t) watch - watched (t) help - helped(t) dress - dressed (t)	sob - sobbed (d) roam - roamed (d) believe - believed (d) judge - judged (d) fill - filled (d) enjoy - enjoyed (d)	**/ \d/ adds an extra syllable need - needed ( wait – waited ( \d) \d)

1.watched 2.dressed 3.asked 4.washed 5.seated 6.answered 7.tested 8.crossed 9.danced 10.fixed 11.lied 12.corrected 13.mixed 14.invented 15.considered 16.talked 17.bathed 18.crashed 19.missed 20.pulled 21.burned 22.ziped 23.sighed 24.enjoyed 25.tryed 26.checked 27.pushed 28.complained 29.decided 30.allowed 31.damaged 32.pleased 33.greeted 34.passed 35.drilled 36.explored 37.flooded 38.mowed 39.exercised 40.hoped 41.prayed 42.melted 43.increased 44.followed 45.touched 46.taxed 47.brushed 48.cashed 49.wanted 50.judged 51.kneeled 52.humed 53.opened 54.replyed 55.discovered 56.invited 57.cared 58.saved 59.reported 60.stoped 61.concentrated 62.rented 63.stayed 64.treated 65.realized 66.retired 67.coughed 68.reached 69.studyed 70.permited 71.pretended 72.kidnaped 73.listened 74.produced 75.loved 76.reminded 77.shared 78.supplyed 79.snored 80.worked

1. /wɑtʃt/ 2. /drɛst/ 3. /æskt/ 4. /wɑʃt/ 5. /sitəd/ 6. /ænsərd/ 7. /tɛstəd/ 8. /krɒst/ 9. /dænst/ 10. /fɪkst/ 11. /lajd/ 12. /kərɛktəd/ 13. /mɪkst/ 14. /ɪnvɛntəd/ 15. /kənsɪdərd/ 16. /tɒkt/ 17. /beðd/ 18. /kræʃt/ 19. /mɪst/ 20. /pʊld/ 21. /bərnd/ 22. /zipt/ 23. /sajd/ 24. /ɛndʒɔjd/ 25. /traid/ 26. /tʃɛkt/ 27. /pʊʃt/ 28. /kəmplend/ 29. /dəsajdəd/ 30. /əlawd/ 31. /dæmədʒd/ 32. /plizd/ 33. /gritəd/ 34. /pæst/ 35. /drɪld/ 36. /ɪksplɔrd/ 37. /flədəd/ 38. /mod/ 39. /ɛksərsɑjzd/ 40. /hopt/ 41. /pred/ 42. /mɛltəd 43. /ɪnkrist/ 44. /fɑlod/ 45. /tətʃt/ 46. /tækst/ 47. /brəʃt/ 48. /kæʃt/ 49. /wɒntəd/ 50. /dʒədʒd/ 51. /nild/ 52. / həmd/ 53. /opənd/ 54. / rəplaid/ 55. /dɪskəvərd/ 56. /ɪnvajtəd/ 57. /kɛrd/ 58. /sevd/ 59. /ripɔrtəd/ 60. / stɑpt/ 61. /kɒnsəntretəd/ 62. /rɛntəd/ 63. /sted/ 64. /tritəd/ 65. /rilɑjzd/ 66. /rətajrd/ 67. /kɑft/ 68. /ritʃt/ 69. / stədid/ 70. / pərmɪtid/ 71. /pritɛndəd/ 72. /kɪdnæpt/ 73. /lɪsənd/ 74. /prədust/ 75. /ləvd/ 76. /rimajndəd/ 77. /ʃɛrd/ 78. / səplaid/ 79. / snɔrd/ 80. /wərkt/

PRONUNCIATION MISTAKES IN A DIAGNOSTIC PASSAGE

PRONUNCIATION MISTAKES IN A DIAGNOSTIC PASSAGE

Alejandro Cediel Giraldo

Clifford A Prator’s diagnostic passage

When a (I pronounce this article as /ɑ/. The good form is /eɪ/) student from another country (I pronounce /Kaʊtri/, The correct form is / ˈkʌntri/) comes (sometimes I omit the pronunciation of the /s/ at the end) to study in the United States, he has (sometimes I stopped here because It was difficult to pronounce both /h/ quickly) to find out for himself the answers (I pronounced always the semivowel /w/. The correct pronunciation is / ˈænsər /) to many questions, and he has many problems to think about.

Where should (sometimes I don’t pronounce good the phoneme /ʃ/) he live? (My Intonation in the questions was not quite similar to the audio)

Would it be better if he (Reading these words quickly was difficult to me. I had to read the question several times to pronounce the words correctly) looked for a private room off campus, or if he stayed in a dormitory?

Should he spend all of his time just studying?

Shouldn’t he try to take advantage of the many social and cultural (This word is difficult to me ['kʌltʃərəl] because sometimes I pronounce it similar as is pronounced in Spanish ['kulturəl]) activities which are offered?

At first it is not easy for him to be casual in dress, informal in manner, and confident in speech.

Little by little he learns what kind of clothing (/ ˈkləʊðɪŋ/ In some cases I pronounced the phoneme /t/ instead of /ð/) is usually worn here to be casually dressed for classes.

He also learns to choose the language and customs that are appropriate for informal situations.

Finally he begins to feel sure of himself.

But let me tell you, my friend, this long-awaited feeling doesn’t develop suddenly, does it?  (My tag question intonation sometimes doesn’t sound as the audio sounds. I think that I could be caused because I don’t use tag questions usually)

All of this takes will power (Usually I pronounce a semivowel in the middle of the word / ˈpawər /, the correct form is / ˈpaʊər /).

Listen my recordings of this diagnostic I found such quantity of problems in my pronunciation that I felt a little upset with myself. However that encourages me to practice a lot to improve my English pronunciation. I identified several problems in the following aspects:

-       Harmony of speech: It was difficult to me reading the text fluently in a normal velocity. At first I had to read it considerably slower than the guide audio in order to pronounce word by word correctly. After almost twenty repetitions, and when I had almost memorized the text, I reach an acceptable speed in the speech. Despite that, some mistakes were difficult to avoid, somehow because I wasn’t conscious of them. On the other hand, in some cases I was thinking so much about the correct pronunciation of every word while I was reading and that aspect produces a loss of harmony in the lecture, the lecture was not natural. In addition, when I read the passage aloud in front of my classmates that makes feel a little nervous and I lost the concentration as a consequence many mistakes were evidenced. Finally, I realized that sometimes I read without taking into account the meaning of the text trying to pronounce good each word.

-       Stops in lecture: When I was presenting the text to my phonetics teacher, after almost 30 repetitions, I had necessity of stopping in many parts of the lecture because some combinations of words were difficult to pronounce. Example, “Would it be better if he” The repetition of the syllable “be” and after the alveolar flapping[1] in the word better done in the guide audio were sounds difficult to emit.

-       Ability to identify phonemes[2]: Mostly, my mistakes were related to recognizing some phonemes in words. As you can see in the corrections, many of them are confusions between sounds influenced for Spanish phonemes. I have to be more critical in my learning process and I should try to look the transcription of confusing words.

-       Intonation in questions: In the first lectures my intonation in questions was really different to the guide audio intonation questions. I had to do a considerably effort to sound similar to the audio.

---

[1] Phonological process found in many dialects of English, especially North American English and Australian English, by which either or both prevocalic (preceding a vowel) /t/ and /d/ surface as the alveolar tap [ɾ] after sonorants other than /ŋ/, /m/, and /l/. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intervocalic_alveolar-flapping

[2] A phoneme is a basic element of a given language or dialect, from which words in that language or dialect are analyzed as being built up. The phoneme is defined by the International Phonetic Association as "the smallest segmental unit of sound employed to form meaningful contrasts between utterances" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme.

home work

Emily dickinson poem

I'm Nobody! Who Are You?

by Emily Dickinson.

I'm nobody! Who are you?
Are you nobody, too?
Then there's a pair of us - don't tell!
They'd advertise - you know!
How dreary to be somebody!
How public like a frog
To tell one's name the livelong day
To an admiring bog!

Alejandro Cediel

Past tense pronounciation

1. Use /t/ after unvoiced final sounds f, k, p, s, t ß (ch), ß (sh), † (th)	2. Use /d/ after voiced final sounds b, g, Ω(j), l, m, n, ˜, r, ∂(th), v, z, + vowels	3. Use / final /d/ and /t/ . \d/ after
look - looked (t) push - pushed (t) ask - asked (t) watch - watched (t) help - helped(t) dress - dressed (t)	sob - sobbed (d) roam - roamed (d) believe - believed (d) judge - judged (d) fill - filled (d) enjoy - enjoyed (d)	**/ \d/ adds an extra syllable need - needed ( wait – waited ( \d) \d)

A. Say the past tense form of these regular verbs. Pay attention to your pronunciation.

1.watch 

2.dress

3.ask

4.wash

5.seat

6.answer

7.test

8.cross

9.dance

10.fix

11.lie

12.correct

13.mix

14.invent

15.consider

16.talk

17.bathe

18.crash

19.miss

20.pull

21.burn

22.zip

23.sigh

24.enjoy

25.try

26.check

27.push

28.complain

29.decide

30.allow

31.damage

32.please

33.greet

34.pass

35.drill

36.explore

37.flood

38.mow

39.exercise

40.hope

41.pray

42.melt

43.increase

44.follow

45.touch

46.tax

47.brush

48.cash

49.want

50.judge

51.kneel

52.hum

53.open

54.reply

55.discover

56.invite

57.care

58.save

59.report

60.stop

61.concentrate

62.rent

63.stay

64.treat

65.realize

66.retire

67.cough

68.reach

69.study

70.permit

71.pretend

72.kidnap

73.listen

74.produce

75.love

76.remind

77.share

78.supply

79.snore

80.work 　

B. Choose 10 verbs and make a sentence for each one. Pronounce each verb correctly.

The song for say Good Bye!!!

The song for say Good Bye!!!

I HAVEN'T BEEN WITH YOU
present perfect

I've been to Fez,
I've been to Paris,
I've been to Katmandu,
But I haven't been happy anywhere,
If I haven't been with you.

I've been to Rome,
I've been to Cairo,
I've been to far Peru,
But I haven't been happy anywhere,
If I haven't been with you.

We've seen the Nile,
We've seen the Ganges,
We've seen the Tigris too,
But I haven't been happy anywhere,
If I haven't been with you.

http://www.ompersonal.com.ar/omsongs2/song08.htm

I just moved in

Dialogs for listening From: http://www.ompersonal.com.ar/omlisten/contenidotematico.htm I JUST MOVED IN

Jack: Woman: Jack: Woman: Jack: Woman: Jack: Woman: Jack:

Excuse me. I'm your new neighbor, Jack. I just moved in. Oh. Yes? I'm looking for a grocery store. Are there any around here? Yes, there are some on Pine Street. OK. And is there a laundromat near here? Well, I think there's one across from the shopping center. Thank you. By the way, there's a barber shop in the shopping center, too. A barber shop?!!

Minimal Pairs

----- -----------------------

bet	bat
pen	pan
men	man
head	had
said	sad
guess	gas
letter	latter
better	batter
dead	dad
Ken	can
pet	pat
hem	ham
set	sat
pedal	paddle
bend	band
lend	land
kettle	cattle
peck	pack
vet	vat
send	sand

From: http://www.btinternet.com/~ted.power/phonominimal.html

Minimal Pairs

- -----------------------

then	den
thy	die
thee	Dee
there	dare
they'll	dale
breathe	breed
breather	breeder
heather	header
lather	larder
worthy	wordy
Southern	sudden
bathe	bade
Hythe	hide
lathe	laid
loathe	load
seethe	seed
scythe	side
wreathe	reed
soothe	sued
swathe	suede

jokes

We live in a society where pizza gets to your house before the police.
Why the butter goes out  through the window? because the butter flies.
Fighting for peace is like fucking for virginity.
God made man and then rested. God made women and then no one rested

Clifford A Prator’s diagnostic passage

1. When a student from another country comes to study in the United States, he has to find out for himself the answers to many questions, and he has many problems to think about.
2. Where should he live?
3. Would it be better if he looked for a private room off campus, or if he stayed in a dormitory?
4. Should he spend all of his time just studying?
5. Shouldn’t he try to take advantage of the many social and cultural activities which are offered?
6. At first it is not easy for him to be casual in dress, informal in manner, and confident in speech.
7. Little by little he learns what kind of clothing is usually worn here to be casually dressed for classes.
8. He also learns to choose the language and customs that are appropriate for informal situations.
9. Finally he begins to feel sure of himself.
10. But let me tell you, my friend, this long-awaited feeling doesn’t develop suddenly, does it?
11. All of this takes will power.

homework___fable

The Lion and the Mouse
An Aesop's Fable

Once when a Lion was asleep a little Mouse began running up and down upon him; this soon wakened the Lion, who placed his huge paw upon him, and opened his big jaws to swallow him. "Pardon, O King," cried the little Mouse: "forgive me this time, I shall never forget it: who knows but what I may be able to do you a turn
some of these days?" The Lion was so tickled at the idea of the Mouse being able to help him, that he lifted up his paw and let him go. Some time after the Lion was caught in a trap, and the hunters who desired to carry him alive to the King, tied him to a tree while they went in search of a wagon to carry him on. Just then the little Mouse happened to pass by, and seeing the sad plight in which the Lion was, went up to him and soon gnawed away the ropes that bound the King of the Beasts. "Was I not right?" said the little Mouse.

Little friends may prove great friends

Homework

Practicar frases de I've
buscar un cuento en internet y aprenderlo para contarlo
Capitulo 7 de american voice

Intonation and pronounciation "Present perfect"

1. I've sealed the envelope
2. I've had very little vacation
3. I've preventive an accident
4. I've never tried to write verse
5. I've read Volume 1
6. I've just left my favorite class
7. I've developed several vices
8. I've spilled gravy on my test
9. I've never even seen it
10. I've lost some valuable papers
11. I've never driven a Cadillac
12. I've learned all vowels are voiced

Monitor theory

from: http://www.sk.com.br/sk-krash.html

"Acquisition requires meaningful interaction in the target language - natural communication - in which speakers are concerned not with the form of their utterances but with the messages they are conveying and understanding." Stephen Krashen

"The best methods are therefore those that supply 'comprehensible input' in low anxiety situations, containing messages that students really want to hear. These methods do not force early production in the second language, but allow students to produce when they are 'ready', recognizing that improvement comes from supplying communicative and comprehensible input, and not from forcing and correcting production." Stephen Krashen

"In the real world, conversations with sympathetic native speakers who are willing to help the acquirer understand are very helpful." Stephen Krashen

Introduction
Stephen Krashen (University of Southern California) is an expert in the field of linguistics, specializing in theories of language acquisition and development. Much of his recent research has involved the study of non-English and bilingual language acquisition. During the past 20 years, he has published well over 100 books and articles and has been invited to deliver over 300 lectures at universities throughout the United States and Canada.
This is a brief description of Krashen's widely known and well accepted theory of second language acquisition, which has had a large impact in all areas of second language research and teaching since the 1980s.

Description of Krashen's Theory of Second Language Acquisition
Krashen's theory of second language acquisition consists of five main hypotheses:

• the Acquisition-Learning hypothesis,
• the Monitor hypothesis,
• the Natural Order hypothesis,
• the Input hypothesis,
• and the Affective Filter hypothesis.

The Acquisition-Learning distinction is the most fundamental of all the hypotheses in Krashen's theory and the most widely known among linguists and language practitioners. According to Krashen there are two independent systems of second language performance: 'the acquired system' and 'the learned system'. The 'acquired system' or 'acquisition' is the product of a subconscious process very similar to the process children undergo when they acquire their first language. It requires meaningful interaction in the target language - natural communication - in which speakers are concentrated not in the form of their utterances, but in the communicative act. The 'learned system' or 'learning' is the product of formal instruction and it comprises a conscious process which results in conscious knowledge 'about' the language, for example knowledge of grammar rules. According to Krashen 'learning' is less important than 'acquisition'. (Veja o texto ao lado e também outra página em português sobre Acquisition/Learning). The Monitor hypothesis explains the relationship between acquisition and learning and defines the influence of the latter on the former. The monitoring function is the practical result of the learned grammar. According to Krashen, the acquisition system is the utterance initiator, while the learning system performs the role of the 'monitor' or the 'editor'. The 'monitor' acts in a planning, editing and correcting function when three specific conditions are met: that is, the second language learner has sufficient time at his/her disposal, he/she focuses on form or thinks about correctness, and he/she knows the rule.

List of English Irregular Verbs

Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle	3rd Person Singular	Present Participle / Gerund
Abide	Abode/Abided	Abode/Abided/Abidden	Abides	Abiding
Alight	Alit/Alighted	Alit/Alighted	Alights	Alighting
Arise	Arose	Arisen	Arises	Arising
Awake	Awoke	Awoken	Awakes	Awaking
Be	Was/Were	Been	Is	Being
Bear	Bore	Born/Borne	Bears	Bearing
Beat	Beat	Beaten	Beats	Beating
Become	Became	Become	Becomes	Becoming
Begin	Began	Begun	Begins	Beginning
Behold	Beheld	Beheld	Beholds	Beholding
Bend	Bent	Bent	Bends	Bending
Bet	Bet	Bet	Bets	Betting
Bid	Bade	Bidden	Bids	Bidding
Bid	Bid	Bid	Bids	Bidding
Bind	Bound	Bound	Binds	Binding
Bite	Bit	Bitten	Bites	Biting
Bleed	Bled	Bled	Bleeds	Bleeding
Blow	Blew	Blown	Blows	Blowing
Break	Broke	Broken	Breaks	Breaking
Breed	Bred	Bred	Breeds	Breeding
Bring	Brought	Brought	Brings	Bringing
Broadcast	Broadcast/Broadcasted	Broadcast/Broadcasted	Broadcasts	Broadcasting
Build	Built	Built	Builds	Building
Burn	Burnt/Burned	Burnt/Burned	Burns	Burning
Burst	Burst	Burst	Bursts	Bursting
Bust	Bust	Bust	Busts	Busting
Buy	Bought	Bought	Buys	Buying
Cast	Cast	Cast	Casts	Casting
Catch	Caught	Caught	Catches	Catching
Choose	Chose	Chosen	Chooses	Choosing
Clap	Clapped/Clapt	Clapped/Clapt	Claps	Clapping
Cling	Clung	Clung	Clings	Clinging
Clothe	Clad/Clothed	Clad/Clothed	Clothes	Clothing
Come	Came	Come	Comes	Coming
Cost	Cost	Cost	Costs	Costing
Creep	Crept	Crept	Creeps	Creeping
Cut	Cut	Cut	Cuts	Cutting
Dare	Dared/Durst	Dared	Dares	Daring
Deal	Dealt	Dealt	Deals	Dealing
Dig	Dug	Dug	Digs	Digging
Dive	Dived/Dove	Dived	Dives	Diving
Do	Did	Done	Does	Doing
Draw	Drew	Drawn	Draws	Drawing
Dream	Dreamt/Dreamed	Dreamt/Dreamed	Dreams	Dreaming
Drink	Drank	Drunk	Drinks	Drinking
Drive	Drove	Driven	Drives	Driving
Dwell	Dwelt	Dwelt	Dwells	Dwelling
Eat	Ate	Eaten	Eats	Eating
Fall	Fell	Fallen	Falls	Falling
Feed	Fed	Fed	Feeds	Feeding
Feel	Felt	Felt	Feels	Feeling
Fight	Fought	Fought	Fights	Fighting
Find	Found	Found	Finds	Finding
Fit	Fit/Fitted	Fit/Fitted	Fits	Fitting
Flee	Fled	Fled	Flees	Fleeing
Fling	Flung	Flung	Flings	Flinging
Fly	Flew	Flown	Flies	Flying
Forbid	Forbade/Forbad	Forbidden	Forbids	Forbidding
Forecast	Forecast/Forecasted	Forecast/Forecasted	Forecasts	Forecasting
Foresee	Foresaw	Foreseen	Foresees	Foreseeing
Foretell	Foretold	Foretold	Foretells	Foretelling
Forget	Forgot	Forgotten	Forgets	Foregetting
Forgive	Forgave	Forgiven	Forgives	Forgiving
Forsake	Forsook	Forsaken	Forsakes	Forsaking
Freeze	Froze	Frozen	Freezes	Freezing
Frostbite	Frostbit	Frostbitten	Frostbites	Frostbiting
Get	Got	Got/Gotten	Gets	Getting
Give	Gave	Given	Gives	Giving
Go	Went	Gone/Been	Goes	Going
Grind	Ground	Ground	Grinds	Grinding
Grow	Grew	Grown	Grows	Growing
Handwrite	Handwrote	Handwritten	Handwrites	Handwriting
Hang	Hung/Hanged	Hung/Hanged	Hangs	Hanging
Have	Had	Had	Has	Having
Hear	Heard	Heard	Hears	Hearing
Hide	Hid	Hidden	Hides	Hiding
Hit	Hit	Hit	Hits	Hitting
Hold	Held	Held	Holds	Holding
Hurt	Hurt	Hurt	Hurts	Hurting
Inlay	Inlaid	Inlaid	Inlays	Inlaying
Input	Input/Inputted	Input/Inputted	Inputs	Inputting
Interlay	Interlaid	Interlaid	Interlays	Interlaying
Keep	Kept	Kept	Keeps	Keeping
Kneel	Knelt/Kneeled	Knelt/Kneeled	Kneels	Kneeling
Knit	Knit/Knitted	Knit/Knitted	Knits	Knitting
Know	Knew	Known	Knows	Knowing
Lay	Laid	Laid	Lays	laying
Lead	Led	Led	Leads	Leading
Lean	Leant/Leaned	Leant/Leaned	Leans	Leaning
Leap	Leapt/Leaped	Leapt/Leaped	Leaps	Leaping
Learn	Learnt/Learned	Learnt/Learned	Learns	Learning
Leave	Left	Left	Leaves	Leaving
Lend	Lent	Lent	Lends	Lending
Let	Let	Let	Lets	Letting
Lie	Lay	Lain	Lies	Lying
Light	Lit	Lit	Lights	Lighting
Lose	Lost	Lost	Loses	Losing
Make	Made	Made	Makes	Making
Mean	Meant	Meant	Means	Meaning
Meet	Met	Met	Meets	Meeting
Melt	Melted	Molten/Melted	Melts	Melting
Mislead	Misled	Misled	Misleads	Misleading
Mistake	Mistook	Mistaken	Mistakes	Mistaking
Misunderstand	Misunderstood	Misunderstood	Misunderstands	Misunderstanding
Miswed	Miswed/Miswedded	Miswed/Miswedded	Misweds	Miswedding
Mow	Mowed	Mown	Mows	Mowing
Overdraw	Overdrew	Overdrawn	Overdraws	Overdrawing
Overhear	Overheard	Overheard	Overhears	Overhearing
Overtake	Overtook	Overtaken	Overtakes	Overtaking
Pay	Paid	Paid	Pays	Paying
Preset	Preset	Preset	Presets	Presetting
Prove	Proved	Proven/Proved	Proves	Proving
Put	Put	Put	Puts	Putting
Quit	Quit	Quit	Quits	Quitting
Re-prove	Re-proved	Re-proven/Re-proved	Re-proves	Re-proving
Read	Read	Read	Reads	Reading
Rid	Rid/Ridded	Rid/Ridded	Rids	Ridding
Ride	Rode	Ridden	Rides	Riding
Ring	Rang	Rung	Rings	Ringing
Rise	Rose	Risen	Rises	Rising
Rive	Rived	Riven/Rived	Rives	Riving
Run	Ran	Run	Runs	Running
Saw	Sawed	Sawn/Sawed	Saws	Sawing
Say	Said	Said	Says	Saying
See	Saw	Seen	Sees	Seeing
Seek	Sought	Sought	Seeks	Seeking
Sell	Sold	Sold	Sells	Selling
Send	Sent	Sent	Sends	Sending
Set	Set	Set	Sets	Setting
Sew	Sewed	Sewn/Sewed	Sews	Sewing
Shake	Shook	Shaken	Shakes	Shaking
Shave	Shaved	Shaven/Shaved	Shaves	Shaving
Shear	Shore/Sheared	Shorn/Sheared	Shears	Shearing
Shed	Shed	Shed	Sheds	Shedding
Shine	Shone	Shone	Shines	Shining
Shoe	Shod	Shod	Shoes	Shoeing
Shoot	Shot	Shot	Shoots	Shooting
Show	Showed	Shown	Shows	Showing
Shrink	Shrank	Shrunk	Shrinks	Shrinking
Shut	Shut	Shut	Shuts	Shutting
Sing	Sang	Sung	Sings	Singing
Sink	Sank	Sunk	Sinks	Sinking
Sit	Sat	Sat	Sits	Sitting
Slay	Slew	Slain	Slays	Slaying
Sleep	Slept	Slept	Sleeps	Sleeping
Slide	Slid	Slid/Slidden	Slides	Sliding
Sling	Slung	Slung	Slings	Slinging
Slink	Slunk	Slunk	Slinks	Slinking
Slit	Slit	Slit	Slits	Slitting
Smell	Smelt/Smelled	Smelt/Smelled	Smells	Smelling
Sneak	Sneaked/Snuck	Sneaked/Snuck	Sneaks	Sneaking
Soothsay	Soothsaid	Soothsaid	Soothsays	Soothsaying
Sow	Sowed	Sown	Sows	Sowing
Speak	Spoke	Spoken	Speaks	Speaking
Speed	Sped/Speeded	Sped/Speeded	Speeds	Speeding
Spell	Spelt/Spelled	Spelt/Spelled	Spells	Spelling
Spend	Spent	Spent	Spends	Spending
Spill	Spilt/Spilled	Spilt/Spilled	Spills	Spilling
Spin	Span/Spun	Spun	Spins	Spinning
Spit	Spat/Spit	Spat/Spit	Spits	Spitting
Split	Split	Split	Splits	Splitting
Spoil	Spoilt/Spoiled	Spoilt/Spoiled	Spoils	Spoiling
Spread	Spread	Spread	Spreads	Spreading
Spring	Sprang	Sprung	Springs	Springing
Stand	Stood	Stood	Stands	Standing
Steal	Stole	Stolen	Steals	Stealing
Stick	Stuck	Stuck	Sticks	Sticking
Sting	Stung	Stung	Stings	Stinging
Stink	Stank	Stunk	Stinks	Stinking
Stride	Strode/Strided	Stridden	Strides	Striding
Strike	Struck	Struck/Stricken	Strikes	Striking
String	Strung	Strung	Strings	Stringing
Strip	Stript/Stripped	Stript/Stripped	Strips	Stripping
Strive	Strove	Striven	Strives	Striving
Sublet	Sublet	Sublet	Sublets	Subletting
Sunburn	Sunburned/Sunburnt	Sunburned/Sunburnt	Sunburns	Sunburning
Swear	Swore	Sworn	Swears	Swearing
Sweat	Sweat/Sweated	Sweat/Sweated	Sweats	Sweating
Sweep	Swept/Sweeped	Swept/Sweeped	Sweeps	Sweeping
Swell	Swelled	Swollen	Swells	Swelling
Swim	Swam	Swum	Swims	Swimming
Swing	Swung	Swung	Swings	Swinging
Take	Took	Taken	Takes	Taking
Teach	Taught	Taught	Teaches	Teaching
Tear	Tore	Torn	Tears	Tearing
Tell	Told	Told	Tells	Telling
Think	Thought	Thought	Thinks	Thinking
Thrive	Throve/Thrived	Thriven/Thrived	Thrives	Thriving
Throw	Threw	Thrown	Throws	Throwing
Thrust	Thrust	Thrust	Thrusts	Thrusting
Tread	Trod	Trodden	Treads	Treading
Undergo	Underwent	Undergone	Undergoes	Undergoing
Understand	Understood	Understood	Understands	Understanding
Undertake	Undertook	Undertaken	Undertakes	Undertaking
Upset	Upset	Upset	Upsets	Upsetting
Vex	Vext/Vexed	Vext/Vexed	Vexes	Vexing
Wake	Woke	Woken	Wakes	Waking
Wear	Wore	Worn	Wears	Wearing
Weave	Wove	Woven	Weaves	Weaving
Wed	Wed/Wedded	Wed/Wedded	Weds	Wedding
Weep	Wept	Wept	Weeps	Weeping
Wend	Wended/Went	Wended/Went	Wends	Wending
Wet	Wet/Wetted	Wet/Wetted	Wets	Wetting
Win	Won	Won	Wins	Winning
Wind	Wound	Wound	Winds	Winding
Withdraw	Withdrew	Withdrawn	Withdraws	Withdrawing
Withhold	Withheld	Withheld	Withholds	Withholding
Withstand	Withstood	Withstood	Withstands	Withstanding
Wring	Wrung	Wrung	Wrings	Wringing
Write	Wrote	Written	Writes	Writing
Zinc	Zinced/Zincked	Zinced/Zincked	Zincs	Zincking

http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/irregular-verbs/